It can be cultivated from sea level to as high as meters. The best wheat are produced in areas favoured with cool, moist weather during the major portion of the growing period followed by dry, warm weather to enable the grain to ripen properly. The optimum temperature range for ideal germination of wheat seed is C though the seeds can germinate in the temperature range 3.
Rains just after sowing hamper germination and encourage seedling blight. Areas with a warm and damp climate are not suited for wheat growing.
During the heading and flowering stages, excessively high or low temperatures and drought are harmful to wheat. Cloudy weather, with high humidity and low temperatures is conducive for rust attack. Wheat plant requires about c optimum average temperature at the time of ripening. The temperature conditions at the time of grain filling and development are very crucial for yield. Temperatures above c during this period tend to depress grain weight.
When temperatures are high, too much energy I lost through the process of transpiration by the plants and the reduced residual energy results in poorer grain formation and lower yields. Wheat is mainly a rabi winter season crop in India. Wheat is grown in a variety of soils of India. Soils with a clay loam or loam texture, good structure and moderate water holding capacity are ideal for wheat cultivation.
Care should be taken to avoid very porous and excessively drained oils. Soil should be neutral in its reaction. Heavy soil with good drainage are suitable for wheat cultivation under dry conditions. Wheat has always been an essential crop in India.
Although not much is known about its origin, the History of grain in India goes back to prehistoric times. You can find evidence of wheat cultivation and uses in Indus Valley Civilization.
However, the extensive cultivation began in the s after the Green revolution. This was when the hybrid varieties of wheat were introduced, which increased its production. Wheat is a staple food in India besides rice. It is a Rabi crop that is sown in winters and harvested in the months of spring. Spring wheat is usually planted between March and May and should be harvested or simply dug up between July and September.
That means a considerably shorter maturity time than winter wheat, around four months. Its time to maturity is similar to spring wheat, with plantings in mid-spring and harvests in late summer.
This again means a time to harvest of around four months, and pretty green shoots in spring gardens maturing to golden stalks in summer. Sarah Moore has been a writer, editor and blogger since She holds a master's degree in journalism. Home Guides Garden Gardening.
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